Europe Keeps Loosening Its 2035 Combustion-Car Deadline
欧盟把 2035 年的禁燃目标又放松了一点
欧洲议会环境委员会以 48:30 通过提案，把 2035 年新车 CO₂ 减排目标从 100% 下调至 87.5%，并允许用欧盟产低碳钢的碳信用抵扣（上限 7.5%）；厢式货车 2035 年目标由 100% 降至 80%。
A parliament committee voted to cut the 2035 target from 100% to 87.5%, with credits for low-carbon steel making up part of the gap. Vans fall from 100% to 80%.
A committee of the European Parliament voted on 4 November to soften the EU's CO2 targets for new cars — the latest step in a retreat from what was once presented as a de facto ban on combustion engines from 2035.
The environment committee backed the proposal by 48 votes to 30, with 2 abstentions. Under the text, the 2035 target for new passenger cars would fall from a 100% cut in fleet-average CO2 to 87.5%.
Carmakers could then close part of the gap with credits for using low-carbon steel made in Europe, capped at 7.5% of the 2021 fleet benchmark — which, the draft says, amounts to an effective 95% reduction. For vans, the committee proposes a 35% cut by 2030, against 40% in the Commission's original text and 50% under current law, and 80% rather than 100% by 2035, with the same steel credit.
The direction matters more than the decimals. The Commission had already weakened its own proposal late last year, moving from 100% to 90% under pressure from the industry and allowing offsets such as low-carbon steel and sustainable fuels to keep some combustion and plug-in hybrid sales alive. The committee has now gone further.
A full vote in the European Parliament is expected in December 2026, which would give the lead negotiator a mandate to settle the final text with member states. The target that emerges will depend on that negotiation as much as on this vote.
The 2035 rule was once the EU's clearest climate commitment to its car industry, and it had support from several member states and from parts of the electric-vehicle lobby. What is being negotiated now is less a question of whether the target survives than of how much of it can be paid off with accounting.
中文翻译（全文）
欧洲议会的一个委员会 11 月 4 日投票决定放宽欧盟对新车的二氧化碳目标——这曾被视为 2035 年起事实上禁售燃油车的标志，如今又退了一步。
环境委员会以 48 票赞成、30 票反对、2 票弃权通过该提案。按照文本，2035 年新乘用车的车队平均 CO₂ 削减目标将从 100% 降至 87.5%。
车企可以用欧盟本土生产的低碳钢所对应的信用额度补上一部分缺口，上限为 2021 年车队基准的 7.5%——草案称，这相当于实际减排 95%。厢式货车方面，委员会建议 2030 年削减 35%（欧盟委员会原案为 40%，现行法规为 50%），2035 年为 80% 而非 100%，同样适用低碳钢额度。
方向比小数点更重要。欧盟委员会去年年底就在产业压力下削弱了自己的提案，从 100% 退到 90%，并允许用低碳钢和可持续燃料等抵扣，以保留部分燃油车与插混的销售空间。而委员会这次走得更远。
欧洲议会全体会议预计将在 2026 年 12 月表决，通过后牵头议员将获得与成员国敲定最终文本的授权。最终目标既取决于这次投票，也同样取决于那场谈判。
2035 年规则曾是欧盟对其汽车产业最明确的气候承诺，并得到多个成员国和部分电动车游说团体的支持。如今真正在谈的，与其说是目标能否存活，不如说是其中有多大比例可以用会计手段抵消掉。
重点词汇
- de facto /ˌdeɪ ˈfæktəʊ/ adj. — existing in practice even if not officially stated 事实上的 It was a de facto ban on combustion engines.
- retreat /rɪˈtriːt/ n. — a withdrawal from a previous position 退让；退缩 The vote is the latest retreat.
- abstention /əbˈstenʃn/ n. — choosing not to vote either way 弃权 There were two abstentions.
- fleet-average /fliːt ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. — averaged across all vehicles a maker sells 车队平均 The target is on a fleet-average basis.
- credit /ˈkredɪt/ n. — an allowance that can be offset against an obligation 信用额度 Steel credits close part of the gap.
- offset /ˈɒfset/ n. — something that balances out an emission 抵扣 Offsets keep some hybrid sales alive.
- mandate /ˈmændeɪt/ n. — authority to negotiate or act 授权 The vote gives the negotiator a mandate.
- lobby /ˈlɒbi/ n. — an organised group pressing for a policy 游说团体 Parts of the EV lobby supported it.
- benchmark /ˈbentʃmɑːk/ n. — a reference level used for comparison 基准 The cap is set against the 2021 benchmark.
- commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/ n. — a firm promise to do something 承诺 It was the EU's clearest climate commitment.
阅读测验
共 5 道题目
What did the committee vote to do?
How was the vote decided?
Carmakers can use credits for low-carbon steel to cover part of the remaining gap.
Which details does the article give? (Select all that apply)
A full vote in the European Parliament is expected in December _____.
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